Heavy crude oil refers to a type of crude oil that has a high density and viscosity compared to light crude oil. It contains a higher proportion of large hydrocarbon molecules, making it thicker and more difficult to extract, transport, and refine. Despite these challenges, heavy crude oil plays a crucial role in the energy industry. It is typically used in specialized refineries equipped with complex upgrading processes to convert it into lighter, more valuable products like gasoline, diesel fuel, and heating oil. Its usage also extends to power generation and industrial applications where it can be burned directly as fuel in certain processes.